Neural Basis for Dehumanization - Social Brain Meta ‐ Analysis
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Christian
Published: 05-02-2016 01:43 pm
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"Recently there has been a lot of research examining the function of default mode network (DMN) in human brain and its relationship to the task positive network (TPN). The DMN is a set a of neural structures (including the medial prefrontal cortex [MPFC], the precuneus/medial parietal cortex [PC], and the temporal‐parietal junctions [TPJs]) which has been shown to commonly deactivate in certain cognitively demanding tasks and displays an antagonistic relationship with the TPN. This analysis addresses two major theories of the DMN. The Internally directed attention vs. externally directed attention theory suggests that the DMN is mainly involved in processes dealing with internally directed attention and the TPN is mainly involved in processes dealing with externally directed attention (Andrews‐Hanna 2012). Proponents of this theory often assert that the central underlying function of the DMN is one of two things. Either the DMN is primarily involved in self‐referential processing (i.e. introspection and self‐trait judgments) (Gusnard 2001), or the DMN is primarily involved in attending to internal episodic memories/mental time travel (Buckner & Carroll 2007). Both versions of this theory hold that the TPN is primarily involved in attending to one’s immediate physical environment. In contrast, the opposing domains hypothesis suggests that the DMN is mainly involved in reasoning about the social environment and the TPN is mainly responsible for reasoning about and manipulating the physical environment. This meta‐analysis utilized Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) methodologies in an attempt to evaluate these theories of the DMN and identify any regions of potential functional specialization within the DMN."
http://tonyjack.org/files/2013%20May%20Scott%20Tillem%20APS%20poster.pdf
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