Dual-Process Models in Social and Cognitive Psychology
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Christian
Updated: 03-05-2014 08:15 am
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http://commonsenseatheism.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Smith-DeCoster-Dual-process-models-in-social-and-cognitive-psychology.pdf
Abstract:
"Models postulating 2 distinct processing modes have been proposed in several topic areas within social and cognitive psychology. We advance a new conceptual model of the 2 processing modes. The structural basis of the new model is the idea, supported by psychological and neuropsychological evidence, that humans possess 2 memory systems. One system slowly learns general regularities, whereas the other can quickly form representations of unique or novel events. Associative retrieval or pattern completion in the slow-learning system elicited by a salient cue constitutes the effortless processing mode. The second processing mode is more conscious and effortful; it involves the intentional retrieval of explicit, symbolically represented rulesfrom either memory system and their use to guide processing. After presenting our model, we review existing dual-process models in several areas, emphasizing their similar assumptions of a quick, effortless processing mode that rests on well-learned prior associations and a second, more effortful processing mode that involves rule-based inferences and is employed only when people have both cognitive capacity and motivation. New insights and implica- tions of the model for several topic areas are outlined."
Basically when applying the dual-process model to memory one type of memories will be the most effortless and the other will be more effortful.
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